Essay Writing Tips - Powerful Introduction and Conclusion

Essay writing is never complete without the two most essential parts - introduction and conclusion. Why? Introductions serve as teasers that establish and convey the relevance of the whole essay. On the other hand, conclusions serve as deal sealers that leave strong and persuasive impressions on the readers.

With such great responsibility, introductions and conclusions have to be as powerful as possible. These paragraphs give the readers the opening and ending statements required that can make or break an essay. Brilliant essay writing has two vital factors - attractive introduction and strong conclusion.

Writing good introduction and conclusion is not done in a snap. It entails squeezing of creative juices and sufficient time to research. But there are some important considerations that can guide essay writers in coming up with hip beginning and ending statements.

Essay Writing Tips - Powerful Introduction and Conclusion

In Writing Introductions

The introduction is basically designed to grab reader's attention. It also aims to provide the readers a brief rundown of the essay's main focus and idea. Remember two main points.

1. Begin with a bang. An attention grabber opening paragraph is a sure hit in essay writing. How to formulate such? A lot of means are efficient. Here are some:

o Use startling information
Employing surprising and revealing information has always been a good way to start an essay. Essay writing is an exciting and brain stimulating activity. Using startling facts make readers curious and excited. Therefore it compels them to read more. However, the information must be true and confirmable.

o Through anecdotes
Using anecdotes is another way to start an essay. An anecdote is a story that exemplifies a point. But the anecdote must be short and genuinely relevant to the topic. This method can be a competent essay writing opener, although, I must be done cautiously.

o Try dialogues
Using dialogues as an introduction entails crucial scrutiny. The dialogue has to be appropriate and relevant. The readers must be able to understand the point that the dialogue is trying to convey. It is ideal to use only two or three exchanges between speakers to establish the main point. It must still appear as essay writing activity and not script writing.

o Apply information summary
In writing formal essays, information summary works best. A few sentences citing the general points of the topic can actually lead the readers towards the heart of the essay. It is ideal that each sentence gradually become more and more specific, until it reaches thesis statement.

2. Finish the opening paragraph with the thesis statement. This is to immediately convey to the readers the essential points that the essay offers.

In Writing Conclusion

Essay writing can never be effective without a closing statement. The conclusion does not only bring closure to the readers, it is a tool so that the essay can leave a strong and compelling impression to the readers. It does not merely sums up the important points of the essay, but it wraps up and provides a personal perspective on the topic.

Conclusions are usually three to four sentences long. It is not advisable to have long and winding ending paragraphs. Three sentences will do. However, these sentences must be powerful enough to achieve the goal of the essay - whatever it might be. Essay writers also have to ensure that the written conclusion emphasizes the value of the main claim.

There is only one key point in essay writing to make it invincible - begin strong, end stronger.

Essay Writing Tips - Powerful Introduction and Conclusion
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Laura Nelson, an essay writer fresh out of college, Laura can't wait to undergo the news and feature writing seminar her first employer requires her to finish. She can learn a lot about essay writing and other writing strategies and rules on that seminar. Laura's other passion includes oil painting and hockey.

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Writing Games For Kids - Silly Ways to Make Writing Fun

Kids are often uncomfortable writing. Even after all the writing they do in school - or maybe as a result - they often see little value or joy in the exercise. That's why writing games for kids are so important. Making writing fun and enjoyable will break down whatever barriers are keeping your child from being able to not only enjoy writing more but to write well and with energy and excitement.

If you're a parent, you remember the tremendous joy with which you celebrated every first - first rolling over, first steps, first words. By the time they begin writing, they're four or five years old and while there are still many firsts to celebrate, there's nothing quite as transforming as first words. From the moment they're born, children are trying to communicate and they never stop. Even quiet children are communicative in their own way, using their body language to tell you how they feel or to get your attention.

I've often wondered how well our children would write if we spent as much time communicating with them in writing as we do verbally. Watch how much a young child will struggle to get his point across with the few words at his disposal, grabbing a mother's leg as a plea for understanding. He quickly realizes the important of being able to talk and to use the right words to meet his end objective. If we placed as much importance on their writing, would we see the same results? If just every now and then, children could not get their parents' attention without putting their request in writing, would we start to see faster, better writers who understand the importance of the skill?

Writing Games For Kids - Silly Ways to Make Writing Fun

Being able to write well is no less necessary to success now then it was before the advent of email, text messages, and social websites. We need to make sure our children succeed in all the major school subjects and when we make learning fun, it tends to go down better - like a spoonful of sugar with medicine, as the song goes.

So try a few silly games to get kids writing as much as possible. You can turn many games into writing games for kids. Take the old grapevine game where information is whispered person to person until it turns into something else by the time it hits the last child. Instead of whispering, have one child write out a full sentence on a piece of paper and pass it to the next player. Have the next child rewrite the same sentence on a new piece of paper but instruct them to change one word. Have the next child do the same. When the last child has finished their sentence, they should give it to the first player to read aloud. All children will be amazed at how the sentence has changed with only slight modifications at each step.

Writing Games For Kids - Silly Ways to Make Writing Fun
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Try more writing games for kids at home or in school activities and not only will you be expanding a child's ability to write but also their vocabulary and penmanship - skills that will last a lifetime.

Erica Stone is an online content writer who spends considerable amounts of time with thoughts and words and the mother of three boys who provide plenty of material with which to work.

Proactive use of games and kids' writing software has played a significant role in her being able to improve the writing skills of her own children.

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Essay Writing Technique - 7 Simple Steps

"When I was young each fresh piece of serious work used to seem to me for a time -- perhaps a long time -- to be beyond my powers." Bertrand Russell -- "How I Write", The Writer, September 1954.

Writing essays, articles and research papers may sometimes seems to be beyond our powers. Surely, organization and persistence are the keys in the process of writing. In what follows, there are seven hints for writing an essay:

1. Separate the different parts of the process associated with the writing: research, inspiration, organizing ideas, writing, and editing.

Essay Writing Technique - 7 Simple Steps

2. Make a list (10-20 items). Simply jot down phrases, keywords, definitions, questions, images and whatever which relates to the topic (the main essay subject). And then gather in big themes the ideas that can be connected.

3. Build an essay structure (template): title, opening sentence, background, statement of scope, thesis statement (or the position statement), development of ideas (with at least three main points and secondary points), and conclusion (summary paragraph). All the supporting paragraphs of the main body must have a strong organization, namely: topic sentence, evidence, commentary, and concluding sentence. Essays have many purposes, but the basic structure is the same.

4. Work on the individual sections: write the main body first, then the introduction, the title and the conclusion. And expand these sections: use always concrete and clear examples to argue on your thesis.

5. Edit and wrap up the paragraphs. Observe the logical linkage between the paragraphs and use appropriate transitional phrases. Introductory words such as "In fact", "Equally import", "All things considered"... are an "additional plus" as they show a knowledge of the literary language. In a word, the essay must flow smoothly.

6. Check the cohesion or the sense of the development, verifying if the thesis statement is functioning as a unifying spark.

7. Revise for grammatical and writing flaws.

Essay Writing Technique - 7 Simple Steps
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Marco Antônio Bomfoco is a professor at the Faculty of Technology SENAC in South Brazil. A Ph.D. from Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, and an M.A. from the same university, Marco is a long-time language enthusiast. His many interests include writing, general linguistics, anthropological linguistics, case theory and grammatical relations, history of linguistics, artificial languages, phenomenology, story telling, myth, and game theory.

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How to Summarize and Paraphrase For Academic Writing

Do you know how to summarize your writing and paraphrase your content? In academic writing, summarizing and paraphrasing are very essential skills. With majority of college writing essays geared towards proving a point, you will very likely need to depend on a lot of source material to effectively argue your case.

First, a bit of refresher:

Summarizing is all about reducing a material down to its most important points, often bringing it down to roughly a third or less of the original source. Paraphrasing, on the other hand, is about restating a passage in your own words, often as an alternative to using a direct quotation.

How to Summarize and Paraphrase For Academic Writing

In the case of your college essays, you will employ both techniques to integrate evidence from previous writing into your own work. If you're struggling to put together either type, the following advice might help.

Summarizing

Scan the text. Locate and highlight the main points. A good first place to look for are the topic sentences on each paragraph. Rewrite the material using the main points you found, setting aside evidence and examples.

Paraphrasing

Review the source text. Rewrite it in your own words. Use reporting verbs and phrases to show attribution. Put unique and author-driven phrases in quotes.

Like other parts of your essays, summaries and paraphrases are best done with the help of a competent writing software. While the thoughts you will express in them aren't original, the words you will be using are and they'll be best served with a dose of polish from such a tool.

How to Summarize and Paraphrase For Academic Writing
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This tool makes your life much easier: http://www.checkyourtext.com/

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Why Writing an Outline is Important

Your creative juices have kicked in, and you are comfortable with your topic and your point of view. Your mind is running a mile a minute. Ideas are starting to come. Right now, you need to take a deep breath and write an outline.

Exactly What is an Outline?
An outline is a road map of your book or paper. It organizes your thoughts, the points and the ideas you want to make. There is a specific structure to an outline. It's even been standardized in some word processing packages.

The best way to start your outline is to put down your main points. The standard here is to use Roman numerals. Points you want to make that support your main points are sub points. These points are noted by using capital letters. The process continues until all the sub points have found a home and all major points have sub points supporting them.

Why Writing an Outline is Important

If you follow this blueprint, your ideas will flow smoothly.

Writing an Outline
Short works do not necessarily need an extensive outline. However, the longer your work, the more complex and complete your outline needs to be. Once you're into writing an outline, the process becomes easier as you go along. The more complete your outline is, the easier it is to write the sentences that weave your ideas together.

Importance of Research
Do you do your research before or after your do your outline? It depends! You should have enough research done to know what direction your work will take. You still can change or adjust that direction as you do additional research. It is important, though, to have some research done. As you develop your outline, you can leave blanks for the results of research work yet to be done. On the other hand, if you work to complete all of your research before you begin the outline, you may find yourself stuck in the paralysis of analysis.

Organize Your Thoughts
Once you have started your outline and have stated your thesis, it is time to organize your thoughts. Decide on your audience. That will influence your decisions on voice and style. You are ready to make decisions about what you will include and what you won't. (Do not throw any unused notes away, though, you never know when you will be able to use them in the future.)

Importance of Structure
No matter what the purpose of your writing, the structure of your outline should be consistent throughout the project. Maintaining consistency helps you determine if your points are put in logical and easy-to-follow order. Once your outline is complete, writing the paper consists primarily of filling in the blanks and tying your points together. It also helps when you review your outline to make sure you have put in everything you intended to.

Writing and using an outline is important. Using index cards and sticky notes that can be moved around can help you as you polish your outline. They can help you keep track of facts in an essay or non-fiction book. If it is a novel, you can use them to track characters throughout the story line. The more you use outlines, the easier it will become.

Why Writing an Outline is Important
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Tiffany Byrd ~ Experienced management professional writer with award-winning achievements and background in marketing, integrated communications, and public relations. She has written just about everything, from magazine articles to books and press releases. Contact Tiffany at http://www.freelancewritingdesk.com

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Writing Tip - Decades and Apostrophes

Let's start with a quiz. Which of the following is correct?

1. We did better in the 1990's than we did in the 80's.

2. We did better in the 1990's than we did in the 80s.

Writing Tip - Decades and Apostrophes

3. We did better in the 1990s than we did in the 80's.

4. We did better in the 1990s than we did in the 80s.

5. We did better in the 1990's than we did in the '80s.

6. We did better in the 1990s than we did in the '80s.

If you said number six is right, congratulations. If you didn't, don't feel bad. This is one of those rules people seem to get wrong more than they get right. They get it wrong because they forget that apostrophes have two main purposes: (1) to show possession and (2) to create a contraction - that is, to show that something has been yanked out, as in the word "don't" - the contraction of "do not."

In the foregoing sentences, is 1990s either possessive or a contraction? No. So an apostrophe has no place in it. What about '80s? Is it possessive? No again. But is it a contraction? Yes! The 19 has been taken out, so we place an apostrophe where those numerals should have been - just so the reader doesn't think we're talking about the decade that began 80 years after the birth of Christ.

In short, don't put an apostrophe before the "s" in 1990s because it's neither possessive nor a contraction. But do use an apostrophe before the "8" in '80s - not because it's possessive, but because it's a contraction.

One last quiz: Is the following sentence right or wrong?

The 1960s' fashions were even more bizarre than the '70s' styles.

The sentence is correct. But why? Because we've made 1960s' and '70s' possessive - both of them.

Writing Tip - Decades and Apostrophes
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Steve Osborne is author of "Writing Tips for the Real World," a blog at [http://www.thewritersbag.com] He is an award-winning freelance writer and writing instructor. His blog teaches writing tips, techniques and strategies designed to help people from all walks of life turn the written word into a powerful success tool in their careers and personal lives.

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Eulogy for a Mother: Writing a Eulogy Mom Would Like

Writing a eulogy to remember and honor your mother is one of the most difficult things you will ever have to do. It is a time of great loss, grief and mourning, and though it is an honor to be chosen to write a eulogy for your parent, it can also be quite painful.

Because of this, it is a good idea to find a quiet place to think and write - even if it's the library. Then, once you are ready, think about the things you recall most and what comes to mind about mom and put them on paper so you won't forget.

You don't need to write each thing out word for word. Make a formal or informal outline and jot down the details so you will be speaking from the heart, not reading a speech. Your outline could look something like this:

Eulogy for a Mother: Writing a Eulogy Mom Would Like

Vital statistics (Birth date, Birth City/State, College, Worked as a___, Married Dad in 19__ and had 5 of us kids. Also close to her sister Carol and brother Michael...plus anything else you feel you want to add) Was a teacher most of her life, even when she could have retired Her 50th birthday Teaching us how to cook - and we (burnt the food, made a great dinner and surprised dad, etc.) Taking us fishing - she was great at it and loved it Humorous story - Someone came home after curfew and she was standing outside in old bathrobe to embarrass us and teach us a lesson; someone broke window with baseball, etc. How much she meant & how she will be remembered

Of course, a eulogy will be unique to each family and their experiences. If there are brothers and sisters, ask them each for a remembrance and if your father is still alive, ask him as well. The idea is that in just a few points a eulogy can be a great tribute that people will be able to identify with. It has the power to cheer the individuals in attendance and help them deal with their grief.

A good eulogy does not have to be perfect. It is more important that a eulogy come from the heart with dignity, respect and love. Those qualities come across to the audience and connect them to the individual delivering the eulogy, the family and the deceased.

You can write and deliver a good eulogy about mom because moms are special in every family in different ways. If the audience is able to understand what made her so special, you will have written a eulogy mom would like.

Eulogy for a Mother: Writing a Eulogy Mom Would Like
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To Learn More About Writing a Loving and Memorable Eulogy for Your Mother and to Get Examples of Eulogies You Can Use, Visit the Eulogy Writing Guide Today at http://EulogyWritingGuide.com/.

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The Productive Skills - Writing

Speaking and writing are the 'productive skills.'

Writing

Nowadays, there is very little need for long, formal written work in the classroom. With the advent of email and word processors with spell checkers, most people do very little written work except for short notes to friends and colleagues. Students may however have very specific needs such as those preparing for examinations where written work is still of great importance. Writing allows students sufficient time to process information whereas speaking doesn't. Writing is also an avenue for those students who have limited confidence speaking in front of the class. Furthermore, writing allows for the practice of grammar rules and examination techniques. In order to convey a similar amount of information, a written text is shorter than speaking because the student has time to be more specific.

The Productive Skills - Writing

It should be remembered that students learn to read and write faster when they have real reasons to communicate. This could be in the form of journal writing or letter writing. Furthermore, it may be a good idea to create situations where they will need to write real invitations, requests, thank-you notes, and letters to pen friends, cards for special occasions, morning news, commercials, and opinions. You could even get the students to conduct surveys and interviews or make their own books by drawing or cutting out pictures, writing captions and word balloons. It is important to be clear as to the aims of the writing task before the lesson. Are you encouraging fluency or accuracy? A good starting point is to begin with a fluency activity and only focusing on accurate use of language at a later stage.

Guided Writing

Guided writing is an extremely useful way to prepare students for a writing task. Effective use of patterns as learning tools, takes the mystery out of learning. This is far more useful than simply giving students a writing topic and telling them to get on with it. It is extremely daunting for students to be faced with two tasks- writing and content.

Tell the students exactly what you want! If they are writing a letter, give them the format and what information you require in each paragraph. Try and focus on useful language models. List and review instructions step by step. Provide frequent summations of salient points of the lesson. Develop and maintain routines, which will help students anticipate what will happen. This careful preparation will ultimately culminate in the students preparing a draft which can be discussed with the teacher and others prior to preparing a final text.

Writing Genre

Students will explore typical examples or models of different writing genre before embarking on writing of their own. This is done in order to discover the format, layout, audience, the register, style and appropriate language to be used. When writing a letter, for example, students will decide whether the letter is formal or informal. They will then select the correct format to be used in a business letter or personal letter. This will in turn determine the register and general tone of the language to be used. This approach to writing is extremely useful for students preparing for school examinations in English and other subjects.

Writing Structure

As mentioned in the section on guided writing, it is extremely useful to provide your students with useful patterns as learning tools. There are many different ways to write an essay, but most standard essay forms follow the same basic patterns. Teaching your students these patterns will lay the foundation for sound writing structures and principles. It is surprising how many students, who have been studying English for a number of years, are still unsure of how to write an introduction, a paragraph or a conclusion.

Handwriting

Students who come from various cultural backgrounds may find the formation of English letters somewhat difficult (orthography). Students who experience such difficulties will need specific help in order to improve letter, word and text formation. Assistance may be offered in the form of extensive practice exercises focusing on the formation of individual letters. This could perhaps involve the teacher writing letters, words or sentences out neatly and leaving sufficient pace below for the student to copy or imitate the writing.

It is important to note that is essential that you encourage students with problematic handwriting to attempt to improve it. Handwriting is an important skill necessary for examination purposes and a student should not be unduly disadvantaged because of poor handwriting. This problem may prevent the student from getting his / her message across.

Spelling

Incorrect spelling may often give the reader the impression that the writer is careless and lacks education. One should try and remember that spelling is often very difficult for students studying English because of the lack of correlation between the sound of a word and how it is actually spelled. This is more than often, not that obvious!

Punctuation and Format

Punctuation and format conventions differ from one language and culture to another. Business and personal letters are laid out quite differently and follow specific formats as do emails. Punctuation conventions may often be specific to a particular language and may not be transferable from one culture or language to another. Successful application of punctuation conventions in the English language will assist students in conveying their message and communicating effectively.

The Productive Skills - Writing
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Jason Geyser

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